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Diabetic Surgery
Diabetes is a group of diseases that result in too much sugar in blood.
Diabetes is a long term medical condition where the patient complains of increased thirst, frequent urination, excessive hunger, blurred vision and poor wound healing.About 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, the majority living in low-and middle-income countries, and 1.6 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Both the number of cases and the prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades.
Type I diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that occurs either when the pancreas produces little or no insulin.
Type II diabetes
Type II diabetes results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin. The majority of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. This type of diabetes is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity.
Medications, life style modifications, dietary restrictions and insulin have remained the mainstay in the treatment of type II diabetes.
But recently diabetic surgery has been proposed as an alternative for the treatment of diabetes. It is a Metabolic surgery where functional remodeling of the intestine is done laparoscopically.
Surprisingly with Bariatric surgery, which was initially intended to treat obesity, it was noted that ,for most patients with Diabetes , their blood sugar levels are under control after 3 rd post operative day, without insulin or any anti diabetic drugs. Further research and scientific data from pioneer institutes all over the world have shown that this was related to hormonal changes which bring diabetes mellitus under remission on permanent basis.
Previously we think primary regulating organ for Diabetes are pancreas and insulin, but now our understanding towards Diabetes is changing. Proximal part of small intestine and some gut hormones mostly incretins are very much important in regulating blood sugars. Depending upon this fact , this new concept of Diabetes surgeries are designed
This is a surgical procedure with intestinal diversion and duodeno-jejunal exclusion done in type II diabetes mellitus patients. Patients who are tired of using antidiabetic medication can undergo this laparoscopic procedure.
This laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure done to all T2DM patients. The patient is discharged 3 days after surgery and can resume his daily activities.
Surgery effects the secretion of intestinal hormones that regulate insulin secretion and glucose control.
Not every patient with diabetes requires surgery
Who require surgery?
- Patients with worsening diabetes
- Patients requiring increasing medication/insulin to control diabetes
- Patients wanting to attempt to resolve their diabetes.
As India is becoming Diabetes epicenter, this DIABETES (METABOLIC) SURGERY will become possible remedy for long term diabetes control. This surgery is more affordable and cost efficient when compared with life long medication with insulin and antidiabetic drugs.
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